Brain

A brain is an organ that's the centre of the nervous system altogether vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It's located within the top, usually on the brink of the sensory organs for senses like vision. It is the principal complex organ during a vertebrate's body. during a person's, the cerebral cortex contains approximately 14–16 billion neurons,[1] and thus, the estimated number of neurons within the cerebellum is 55–70 billion.[2] Synapses connect each neuron to several thousand other neurons. These neurons communicate with one another using long protoplasmic fibres called axons, which carry trains of signal pulses called action potentials to distant parts of the brain or body targeting specific recipient cells. Physiologically, brains exert centralized control over a body's other organs. They act on the remainder of the body both by generating patterns of muscle activity and by driving the secretion of chemicals called hormones. This centralized control allows rapid and coordinated responses to changes within the environment. The spinal cord or peripheral ganglia often mediate some basic kinds of responsiveness like reflexes, but sophisticated purposeful control of behaviour supported complex sensory input requires the knowledge integrating capabilities of a centralized brain. The operations of individual brain cells are now understood in considerable detail, but the way they cooperate in ensembles of millions is yet to be solved.[3] Recent models in modern neuroscience treat the brain as a biological computer, very different in mechanism from a computer, but similar within the sense that it acquires information from the encircling world, stores it, and processes it during a kind of the way. This article compares the properties of brains across the entire range of animal species, with the most uncomplicated attention to vertebrates. It deals with the human brain insofar because it shares the properties of other minds. The ways during which the human brain differs from different brains are covered within the human brain article. Several topics which can be covered here are instead covered there because much more is often said about them during a person's context. The foremost important is encephalopathy and thus, the consequences of brain damage that are covered within the human brain article.